Auto-Encoding Variational Bayes, Diederik P Kingma, Max Welling, 2013International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR 2014)DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.1312.6114 - Introduces the Variational Autoencoder (VAE) framework and its objective, including the derivation of the Evidence Lower Bound (ELBO) and the reparameterization trick.
Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning, Christopher M. Bishop, 2006 (Springer)DOI: 10.1007/bpc100507 - Provides a comprehensive mathematical explanation of variational inference, including the derivation of the ELBO and its application in probabilistic models.
Deep Learning, Ian Goodfellow, Yoshua Bengio, Aaron Courville, 2016 (MIT Press) - Covers the theory of variational autoencoders within the context of deep generative models, explaining the ELBO and its components.
Variational Inference: A Review for Statisticians, David M. Blei, Alp Kucukelbir, Jon D. McAuliffe, 2017Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol. 112 (Taylor & Francis)DOI: 10.1080/01621459.2017.1285773 - A broad review of variational inference methods, covering its theoretical foundations and wide-ranging applications.