So far, your Python scripts have executed instructions sequentially, one after the other. However, most programs need the ability to make decisions and repeat actions. This chapter introduces the core constructs that allow you to direct the execution path of your code.

You will learn how to use conditional statements (if, elif, else) to run specific blocks of code only when certain conditions are met. You will also learn how to use loops (while, for) to execute code repeatedly, either while a condition holds true or for each item in a sequence. Finally, we'll look at ways to fine-tune loop behavior using break and continue. Mastering these structures is essential for writing programs that can respond dynamically to different situations and efficiently handle repetitive tasks.