Deep Learning, Ian Goodfellow, Yoshua Bengio, and Aaron Courville, 2016 (MIT Press) - 全面解释了损失函数、优化算法及其在深度学习模型中的应用。
Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervision, Alec Radford, Jong Wook Kim, Chris Hallacy, Aditya Ramesh, Gabriel Goh, Sandhini Agarwal, Girish Sastry, Amanda Askell, Pamela Mishkin, Jack Clark, Gretchen Krueger, and Ilya Sutskever, 2021Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on Machine Learning, Vol. 139 (PMLR) - 介绍了一种广泛认可的多模态模型(CLIP),它利用对比学习作为任务特定的端到端损失函数,以对齐图像和文本表示。