Advanced LoRA and PEFT Techniques for LLM Fine-Tuning
Chapter 1: Revisiting Fine-Tuning and the Need for Efficiency
Computational Costs of Full Fine-Tuning
The Parameter Efficiency Imperative
Mathematical Preliminaries: Singular Value Decomposition
Taxonomy of Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning Methods
Chapter 2: Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) In Depth
The LoRA Hypothesis: Low Intrinsic Rank of Adaptation
Mathematical Formulation of LoRA
Decomposing Weight Update Matrices
Rank Selection Strategies
Scaling Parameter Alpha
Implementing LoRA Layers
Integrating LoRA into Transformer Architectures
Hands-on Practical: Applying Basic LoRA
Chapter 3: Survey of PEFT Methodologies
Adapter Tuning: Architecture and Mechanisms
Adapter Tuning Implementation Details
Prefix Tuning: Conditioning via Continuous Prefixes
Prompt Tuning and P-Tuning Variations
Comparative Analysis: Parameters vs Performance Trade-offs
Memory and Computational Footprints
Hands-on Practical: Implementing Adapter Tuning
Chapter 4: Advanced LoRA Implementations and Variants
LoRA Initialization Strategies
Merging LoRA Weights Post-Training
Quantized LoRA (QLoRA): Principles
QLoRA Implementation Details
Paged Optimizers for Memory Efficiency
Combining LoRA with Other PEFT Approaches
Hands-on Practical: Implementing QLoRA
Chapter 5: Optimization, Deployment, and Practical Considerations
Infrastructure Requirements for PEFT Training
Optimizers and Learning Rate Schedulers for PEFT
Techniques for Multi-Adapter / Multi-Task Training
Debugging PEFT Implementations
Performance Profiling PEFT Training and Inference
Distributed Training Strategies with PEFT
Serving Models with PEFT Adapters
Hands-on Practical: Fine-tuning with Multiple LoRA Adapters
Chapter 6: Evaluating PEFT Performance and Limitations
Standard Metrics for PEFT Evaluation
Benchmarking PEFT against Full Fine-Tuning
Analyzing Robustness and Generalization
Investigating Catastrophic Forgetting
Computational Cost Analysis Revisited
Current Limitations and Open Research Questions
Prompt Tuning and P-Tuning Variations
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- The Power of Scale for Parameter-Efficient Prompt Tuning, Brian Lester, Rami Al-Rfou, and Noah Constant, 2021 Proceedings of the 2021 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP) (Association for Computational Linguistics) DOI: 10.18653/v1/2021.emnlp-main.243 - The foundational paper introducing Prompt Tuning, which uses learnable continuous prompt vectors to steer large language models.
- P-Tuning v2: Prompt Tuning Can Be Comparable to Fine-tuning Even with 0.1% Parameters, Xiao Liu, Kaixuan Ji, Yicheng Fu, Weng Lam Tam, Zhengxiao Du, Zhilin Yang, Jie Tang, 2022 Proceedings of the 60th Annual Meeting of the Association of Computational Linguistics, Vol. abs/2110.07602 DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2110.07602 - Presents P-Tuning v2, which applies prompt embeddings to every layer of the Transformer, significantly improving performance for complex NLU tasks.