Introduction to Large Language Models
Chapter 1: Understanding Large Language Models
What is Artificial Intelligence? A Brief Overview
Introducing Natural Language Processing (NLP)
Defining Large Language Models (LLMs)
How LLMs Learn from Text Data
Examples of Tasks LLMs Can Perform
Common Misconceptions about LLMs
Quiz for Chapter 1
Chapter 2: The Mechanics of LLMs (Simplified)
Representing Words: Tokens and Embeddings
Predicting the Next Word: The Core Idea
The Role of Training Data Size
Understanding Model Parameters
Introduction to Transformer Architecture (High-Level)
How Context Influences Generation
Quiz for Chapter 2
Chapter 3: Communicating with LLMs: Prompts
What is a Prompt?
Basic Prompting Techniques
Providing Instructions Clearly
Giving Examples (Few-Shot Prompting)
Controlling Output Length and Format
Common Prompting Challenges
Practice: Crafting Your First Prompts
Quiz for Chapter 3
Chapter 4: A Look at Different LLMs
Overview of Foundational Models
General Purpose vs. Specialized Models
Open vs. Closed Models: What's the Difference?
Understanding Model Size and Capabilities
Accessing Models: APIs and Interfaces
Quiz for Chapter 4
Chapter 5: Using Pre-trained LLMs
What are Pre-trained Models?
Finding and Choosing an LLM Service
Interacting via Web Interfaces
Introduction to Using LLM APIs
Sending Your First API Request
Interpreting LLM Responses
Hands-on Practical: Simple Text Generation Task
Quiz for Chapter 5
The Role of Training Data Size
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- Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models, Jared Kaplan, Sam McCandlish, Tom Henighan, Tom B. Brown, Benjamin Chess, Rewon Child, Scott Gray, Alec Radford, Jeffrey Wu, Dario Amodei, 2020 arXiv preprint arXiv:2001.08361 DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2001.08361 - This paper empirically establishes the relationship between model performance, model size, dataset size, and computational resources. It clarifies how training data quantity affects model abilities.
- Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformer, Colin Raffel, Noam Shazeer, Adam Roberts, Katherine Lee, Sharan Narang, Michael Matena, Yanqi Zhou, Wei Li, and Peter J. Liu, 2020 Journal of Machine Learning Research, Vol. 21 - This paper introduces the T5 model and the C4 dataset, a widely used public dataset sourced from Common Crawl. It offers an example of the dataset size and curation involved in preparing training data for LLMs.
- On the Dangers of Stochastic Parrots: Can Language Models Be Too Big? 🦜, Emily M. Bender, Timnit Gebru, Angelina McMillan-Major, and Margaret Mitchell, 2021 Proceedings of the 2021 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency (Association for Computing Machinery) DOI: 10.1145/3442188.3445922 - This work critically discusses the ethical and societal risks associated with large language models, especially focusing on concerns stemming from biases and limitations within their extensive training datasets.