Deploying Quantized LLMs for Efficient Inference
Chapter 1: Advanced LLM Quantization Fundamentals
Revisiting Quantization Principles for Large Models
Low-Bit Quantization Techniques (Below INT8)
Understanding Quantization Data Types and Formats
Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) Algorithms for LLMs
Quantization-Aware Training (QAT) Considerations
Mixed-Precision Quantization Strategies
Calibration Data Selection and Preparation
Hands-on Practical: Applying GPTQ to an LLM
Chapter 2: Implementing LLM Quantization with Toolkits
Overview of LLM Quantization Libraries
Using bitsandbytes for Low-Bit Operations
Quantization with Hugging Face Transformers and Accelerate
Applying GPTQ using AutoGPTQ
Applying AWQ using AutoAWQ
Comparing Toolkit Outputs and Performance
Handling Model Compatibility Issues
Practice: Quantizing Models with Multiple Toolkits
Chapter 3: Performance Evaluation of Quantized LLMs
Metrics for Quantized Model Evaluation
Measuring Inference Latency and Throughput
Assessing Memory Consumption (Disk and Runtime)
Evaluating Accuracy Degradation
Benchmarking Frameworks and Tools
Analyzing Performance on Target Hardware
Visualizing Performance Trade-offs
Hands-on Practical: Benchmarking a Quantized LLM
Chapter 4: Optimizing and Deploying Quantized LLMs
Inference Optimization Techniques Post-Quantization
Choosing the Right Deployment Framework
Deploying with Text Generation Inference (TGI)
Leveraging vLLM for High-Throughput Inference
GPU Optimization with NVIDIA TensorRT-LLM
Deployment using ONNX Runtime
Containerization and Scaling Strategies
Monitoring Deployed Quantized Models
Hands-on Practical: Deploying via an Inference Server
Chapter 5: Addressing Advanced Challenges
Mitigating Accuracy Loss in Low-Bit Regimes
Handling Activation and Weight Outliers
Quantizing Specific LLM Components (Attention, Normalization)
Hardware Constraints and Kernel Availability
Dynamic Quantization vs. Static Quantization Trade-offs
Debugging Quantization Issues
Integrating Quantized Models into Production Pipelines
Practice: Fine-tuning Quantization Parameters
Low-Bit Quantization Techniques (Below INT8)
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- QLoRA: Efficient Finetuning of Quantized LLMs on Consumer GPUs, Tim Dettmers, Artidoro Pagnoni, Ari Holtzman, Luke Zettlemoyer, 2023 arXiv preprint DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2305.14314 - Presents NF4, a 4-bit NormalFloat quantization optimized for specific weight distributions, and an efficient finetuning method for LLMs.
- GPTQ: Accurate Post-Training Quantization for Generative Pre-trained Transformers, Elias Frantar, Saleh Ashkboos, Torsten Hoefler, Dan Alistarh, 2022 ICLR 2023 DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2210.17323 - Describes an algorithm for accurate post-training quantization of LLMs to 4-bit precision, addressing accuracy preservation.
- A Survey of Quantization Methods for Efficient Neural Network Inference, Yu Wang, Zhaohui Li, Xiaoming Liu, Xiaofeng Shi, Hongyan Liu, Xin Li, 2023 ACM Computing Surveys, Vol. 55 (Association for Computing Machinery) DOI: 10.1145/3547348 - Comprehensive overview of various quantization techniques for neural networks, relevant for different bit depths and post-training methods.