MLOps for Large Models (LLMOps)
Chapter 1: Foundations of LLMOps
Transitioning from MLOps to LLMOps
Unique Challenges of LLMs in Production
Infrastructure Requirements for Large Models
The LLMOps Lifecycle Stages
Tooling Considerations for LLMOps
Chapter 2: Infrastructure and Data Management at Scale
Designing Scalable Compute Infrastructure
Networking Considerations for Distributed Systems
Managing Petabyte-Scale Datasets
Data Preprocessing Pipelines for LLMs
Version Control for Large Data and Models
Cloud vs On-Premise Infrastructure Trade-offs
Practice: Setting up Scalable Storage
Chapter 3: Large Model Training and Fine-tuning Operations
Orchestrating Distributed Training Jobs
Implementing Data Parallelism Strategies
Implementing Model Parallelism Strategies
Utilizing Frameworks like DeepSpeed and Megatron-LM
Operationalizing Parameter-Efficient Fine-tuning (PEFT)
Experiment Tracking for Large-Scale Runs
Checkpointing and Fault Tolerance Mechanisms
Hands-on Practical: Distributed Training Setup
Chapter 4: LLM Deployment and Serving Optimization
Challenges in Serving Large Models
Model Packaging and Containerization for LLMs
GPU Inference Server Optimization
Implementing Model Quantization Techniques
Knowledge Distillation for Deployment
Advanced Deployment Patterns (Canary, A/B Testing)
Autoscaling Inference Endpoints
Serverless GPU Inference Considerations
Practice: Deploying a Quantized Model
Chapter 5: Monitoring, Observability, and Maintenance
Defining LLM-Specific Performance Metrics
Monitoring Infrastructure Utilization (GPU, Memory)
Tracking Operational Costs
Detecting Data and Concept Drift in LLMs
Monitoring LLM Output Quality (Toxicity, Bias)
Techniques for Hallucination Detection
Building Feedback Loops for Continuous Improvement
Logging and Observability Platforms for LLMOps
Hands-on Practical: Setting up Basic LLM Monitoring
Chapter 6: Advanced LLMOps Systems and Workflows
Operationalizing Prompt Engineering
Managing Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) Systems
Vector Database Operations and Management
Automating LLM Retraining and Fine-tuning Pipelines
Security Considerations in LLMOps
Compliance and Governance in LLM Deployments
Integrating LLMOps with CI/CD Systems
Practice: Building a Prompt Management Workflow
Security Considerations in LLMOps
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- OWASP Top 10 for Large Language Model Applications, OWASP Foundation, 2023 (OWASP Foundation) - This guide identifies and addresses the most critical security vulnerabilities specific to large language model applications, covering many threats mentioned in the section.
- Not what you've signed up for: Compromising real-world LLM-integrated applications with indirect prompt injections, Kai Greshake, Sahar Abdelnabi, Shailesh Mishra, Christoph Endres, Thorsten Holz, Mario Fritz, 2023 arXiv preprint arXiv:2302.12173 DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2302.12173 - This research paper analyzes the mechanisms and impacts of direct and indirect prompt injection attacks, a critical threat highlighted in the section's content.
- Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Framework (AI RMF 1.0), National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 2023 NIST AI 100-1 (National Institute of Standards and Technology) - Provides a comprehensive framework for managing risks in AI systems, including security considerations applicable to LLMOps systems and workflows.
- Applied AI Security: Protecting AI Models from Adversarial Attacks, Alex Cheang, Alex Huang, and Kyla Singh, 2024 (O'Reilly Media) - This book offers practical defense strategies against various AI security threats, such as data poisoning and model extraction, pertinent to LLM operational security.