Now that you have a basic understanding of what Matplotlib is and have your environment set up, it's time to start creating plots systematically. This chapter introduces the core concepts you'll use repeatedly when working with Matplotlib.

You will learn about the fundamental structure of a Matplotlib visualization, specifically the Figure and Axes objects, which act as the canvas and the plotting area, respectively. We will cover the typical workflow for creating a plot using Python script. You'll practice generating basic but essential plot types: line plots to visualize trends (e.g., plotting $y$ against $x$) and scatter plots to examine relationships between two variables. Furthermore, you'll learn how to enhance these basic plots by adding titles, axis labels, customizing colors and line appearances, and setting specific axis limits to focus on particular data ranges. By the end of this chapter, you will be able to create and customize simple, informative plots using Matplotlib's foundational tools.