Hidden Technical Debt in Machine Learning Systems, D. Sculley, Gary Holt, Daniel Golovin, Eugene Davydov, Todd Phillips, Dietmar Ebner, Vinay Chaudhary, Michael Young, Jean-François Crespo, Dan Dennison, 2015Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS 2015), Vol. 28 (Neural Information Processing Systems Foundation, Inc. (NeurIPS)) - 一篇基础论文,强调了构建和维护生产级机器学习系统所面临的挑战和成本,尤其侧重于数据依赖性以及对可靠数据管理的需求。